Nipple Areola Complex Involvement in Invasive Carcinoma Breast

Prediction of nipple and areola involvement in breast cancer.

AIMS To find a pre-operative test for nipple and areola involvement in breast cancer. METHODS Areola-tumour distance was measured in 140 consecutive patients (median age 45, range: 23-83) undergoing a mastectomy. We analysed whether nipple and areola correlated with areola-tumour distance, tumour size, nodal status, perinodal involvement and lymphatic embolization. RESULTS The nipple was in...

Clinical and radiological predictors of nipple-areola complex involvement in breast cancer patients.

INTRODUCTION Nipple-areola sparing mastectomy (NSM) is increasingly used in patients with non-locally advanced breast carcinoma. Literature data on the preoperative assessment of the nipple-areola complex (NAC) are inconsistent. PATIENTS AND METHODS Out of 1359 patients submitted to total mastectomy between 2001 and 2010, we selected 61 patients whose pre-operative mammogram (MX) was availabl...

Nipple-Areola Complex Necrosis after Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy with Immediate Autologous Breast Reconstruction

BACKGROUND Autologous or implant-based breast reconstruction after nipple-sparing mastectomy is increasingly preferred worldwide as a breast cancer treatment option. However, postoperative nipple-areola complex (NAC) necrosis is the most significant complication of nipple-sparing mastectomy. The purpose of our study was to identify the risk factors for NAC necrosis, and to describe the use of o...

Can preoperative MRI predict nipple-areolar complex involvement in patients with invasive breast cancer?

Usefulness of Free Nipple-Areola Complex Graft for Nipple Malposition after Nipple Sparing Mastectomy

Purpose: This article identifies the advantage and disadvantage of a free nipple areola complex graft (FNACG) for nipple malposition which resulted from tissue-expander insertion and subsequently replaced with an implant after nipple sparing mastectomy (NSM). Methods: The subjects were three such patients treated using FNACG and who were followed up for at least one year postoperatively. The su...